OBJECTIVE To investigate if providing additional parenteral amino acids to extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infants improves neurocognitive function, lean mass, and muscle strength at early school age, without adverse effects on blood pressure and general health. STUDY DESIGN Multicenter, 2-arm parallel, double-blinded randomized trial of an additional 1 g/d of parenteral amino acids for 5 days after birth or placebo (1:1 ratio), with follow-up at 6 to 7 years old’ corrected age. The primary out