Liver failure, which includes acute liver failure (ALF) and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), is a life-threatening condition characterised by severe loss of hepatocytes, systemic inflammation, and multi-organ dysfunction, often leading to mortality rates exceeding 50%. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE, also known as plasmapheresis) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) are essential extracorporeal treatments that detoxify the blood, stabilise patients, and act as a bridge to reco