Carprofen and buprenorphine delivery using micropipette-guided drug administration (MDA) in mice
Olga Krzyzaniak·Urs Meyer·Frida A. M. Nilsson·M Dietrich·Laura Kämpfen·Pål Johansen·Paulin Jirkof·Sarah Steiner
Abstract Refined, non-invasive analgesic delivery methods are essential for improving animal welfare and ethical standards in laboratory rodent research. Here, we evaluated whether the micropipette-guided drug administration (MDA) method, which promotes voluntary consumption using a sweetened condensed milk vehicle, achieves therapeutically relevant plasma and brain concentrations of two widely used analgesics, carprofen and buprenorphine, in male and female C57BL/6 N and BALB/c mice. Carprofen