Kinetic Stability and Operational Optimization of Turbidimetric Sulfate Analysis Based on SNI 6989.20:2019 Methodology

The measurement of sulfate (SO₄²⁻) levels using the SNI 6989.20:2019 turbidimetric method is highly dependent on the stability of the barium sulfate (BaSO₄) suspension. This study aims to evaluate the effect of waiting time (standing time) variations ranging from 5 to 35 minutes and sample container handling protocols (single vs. multi-Erlenmeyer) on the accuracy of analytical results at concentration levels of 20 mg/L and 60 mg/L. Measurements were conducted using a UV–Vis spectrophotometer at