Processing Nuclear Wastewater via Constraint Network Engineering: A Physical Scheme for Transforming Tritium from a Persistent Pollution Source into a Harmless Substance

The most intractable radioactive nuclide in nuclear wastewater is tritium (³H). Tritium is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen with a half-life of approximately 12.33 years. Its chemical behavior is completely identical to that of ordinary hydrogen, making it impossible to separate from water by any conventional chemical or physical filtration means. Existing treatment schemes—dilution discharge, evaporative concentration, and deep-well injection—all merely transfer tritium from one location to an