Performance evaluation, simulation, and mathematical modeling of biomass–solar drying systems: a systematic review
Farhan Lafta Rashid·Abdallah Bouabidi·Najah M. L. Al Maimuri·Mushtaq K. Abdalrahem·Arman Ameen·Hayder I. Mohammed·Ahmed Kadhim Hussein·Saif Ali Kadhim·Ali M. Ashour·Karrar A. Hammoodi
Abstract Drying is a critical post-harvest operation essential for preserving agricultural product quality; however, conventional methods are highly energy-intensive. To address this, integrating renewable energy has become vital. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive systematic review of biomass–solar hybrid dryers from 2016 to 2026, evaluating their performance, modeling, design evolution, and sustainability. While several review articles exist, a specific research gap rema