Design and Manufacture of Advanced Electric Bicycles with Speed Control Function and Battery Monitoring Mechanisms

The Advanced Electric Cycle project focuses on designinganddevelopinganefficient,eco-friendly,andcost-effective electric bicycle to reduce fuel dependency and environmental pollution. The system integrates a Brushless DC (BLDC) hub motor, motor controller, lithium-ion battery, throttle control, pedal assist sensor (PAS), and digitaldisplay unit to provide smooth and intelligent riding assistance.Thecycleisdesignedtosupportaloadofup to 100 kg with improved stability and performance. The BLDC hub