Background Insomnia markedly impairs health and quality of life. This study used the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data to explore the relationships among dysphagia duration, dysphonia duration, and insomnia. Methods With the 2022 NHIS data, participants were stratified into insomnia and non-insomnia groups. Chi-square tests assessed group differences in dysphagia/dysphonia duration and covariates. Weighted multivariate logistic regression evaluated associations between dysphagia