Comprehensive overview of triclosan neurotoxicity and construction of adverse outcome pathways using a systems toxicology approach: Triclosan-induced attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder as an example

Triclosan (TCS) is widely applied to daily necessities as a chemical bacteriostatic agent. Environmental TCS levels have increased significantly following the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, posing a potential threat to humans and ecosystems. Epidemiological investigations and toxicological studies have shown that long-term TCS exposure can damage human tissues and organs and induce neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring. However, studies on the mechanisms underlying its neurotoxicity and