Human Milk Oligosaccharide LNnT Attenuates Colonic Barrier Dysfunction and Associated Cognitive Impairment via Modulating Sphingolipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota

This study focuses on Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), a core component of human milk oligosaccharides. Although LNnT has been demonstrated to promote early intestinal development and maintain gut homeostasis, its protective mechanism against D-galactose-induced intestinal injury and associated cognitive impairment remains unclear. This investigation systematically examined the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of LNnT against D-gal-induced colonic damage and cognitive impairment in mice.