Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a versatile and tunable platform for creating coordinatively unsaturated single-metal sites within inorganic-organic hybrid porous materials. Notably, Co-, Ni-, and Zn-based metal-organic frameworks, characterized by their well-defined structures, extensive surface areas, and chemically and structurally homogeneous active sites, have gained prominence as critical electrode material candidates for electrochemical applications. The MoSe2/C