Hybrid Multiphoton Lithography Scaffolds for Nanoscale Mechanobiological Assessment in Microscale Bone Models

We present a new hybrid 3D scaffold, fabricated via MultiPhoton Lithography (MPL), that integrates synthetic polymers (BisSR/CEA) with methacrylated collagen type I (Coll-MA) and enables geometry-dependent single-cell confinement in most cages, while allowing cell-cell contact when the scaffold design permits multiple occupancy. We showcase that nanoscale structures with feature sizes down to hundreds of nanometers and locally tunable mechanical properties (kPa to MPa) can be achieved. Scaffold