Proteomics and Alkaloid Signature of Narrow Leaf Lupin Leaves Reveal Key Enzymes in Quinolizidine Alkaloid Biosynthesis and Transportation
Tawfeek Khedr·Michelle L. Colgrave·Lars G. Kamphuis·Mitchell G. Nye‐Wood·Angéla Juhász·Utpal Bose·Ling‐Ling Gao
Quinolizidine alkaloids (QAs) are toxic secondary metabolites in narrow-leafed lupin that defend against herbivores but constrain food and feed use. We developed a single-sample multiomics workflow for simultaneous extraction and quantitative analysis of QAs and proteins from individual leaves using urea/thiourea/CHAPS extraction with acetone precipitation, validated for QA quantification by LC-MS/MS. Data-independent acquisition proteomics of eight lupin accessions (four bitter, four sweet) ide