Dual-function Na₂B₈O₁₃·4H₂O for integrated pest management and acidification mitigation in paper-based cultural heritage

Paper-based cultural relics are damaged by pest infestations. Traditional pest control methods often suffer from long cycles, low efficacy, or potential harm to the paper substrate. This study investigates the insecticidal and protective effects of Na₂B₈O₁₃·4H₂O on key pests, including Lasioderma serricorne, Tribolium castaneum, and Oryzaephilus surinamensis. Among several materials tested, Na₂B₈O₁₃·4H₂O showed the strongest insecticidal activity. Combining it with intermittent vacuum treatment