A Copula-Based Efficiency Effects Stochastic Frontier Model with Application to Government Programs in Thai Rice Farming

This study examines the relationship between major government support programs and farm-level technical efficiency in Thailand’s sticky rice sector. While existing studies have extensively analyzed rice efficiency, limited attention has been given to distinguishing the efficiency implications of different policy instruments or to modeling dependence between stochastic shocks and inefficiency. Methodologically, we employ a copula-based stochastic frontier efficiency effects model that jointly est