Photo‐Rewritable Ambipolar Organic Electrochemical Synapses with Bidirectional Optical Plasticity for Adaptive Vision in Aqueous Environments

Emulating biological vision requires aqueous-compatible neuromorphic devices that perform light sensing and complex synaptic dynamics. Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), capable of converting ionic signals into electronic current via electrochemical doping, closely mimic biological synaptic signaling. This capability distinguishes them from traditional electronic synapses, which rely purely on electron transport. However, prior OECTs typically require multiple components for bidirectio