Temperature effects on oxidative, phenolic and osmoprotective traits in lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) fruits from contrasting provenances

Lingonberry ( Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) is a key boreal fruit species valued for its rich phenolic content and ecological adaptability to cold environments. This study investigated how ripening temperature and geographic origin influence the biochemical and morphological traits of lingonberry fruits. Plants originating from two ecologically distinct Carpathian mountain habitats in Romania, Borşa (northern region) and Muntele Mic (southwestern region), characterised by contrasting microclimatic c