Insights on back marking for the automated identification of animals

To date, there is little research on how to design back marks to best support individual-level monitoring of uniform looking species like pigs. With the recent surge of machine learning-based monitoring solutions, there is a particular need for guidelines on the design of marks that can be effectively recognised by such algorithms. This study provides valuable insights on effective back mark design, based on the analysis of a machine learning model, trained to distinguish pigs via their back mar