An amplitude analysis of the singly Cabibbo-suppressed decay D0K+Kπ0π0D^0 \to K^+ K^- π^0 π^0 is performed, for the first time, to determine the relative magnitudes and phases of different intermediate processes. The analysis uses e+ee^+e^- collision data collected with the BESIII detector at the center-of-mass energy 3.773~GeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb1\rm fb^{-1}. The absolute branching fraction of D0K+Kπ0π0D^0 \to K^+ K^- π^0 π^0 is measured to be \BF. The dominant intermediate pro