Determination of Cylindrospermopsin Cyanotoxin in Shrimp Cultures in the Estuary of the Chone River, Pacific Coast of Ecuador
Emily Kamila Arturo Álava·Naga Raju Maddela·Carlos Augusto Morales-Paredes·Jesús Díez Dapena·Antonio López Lozano·Luis Ángel Zambrano-Intriago·Joan Manuel Rodríguez‑Díaz·Juan Manuel Vera Delgado
Raphidiopsis raciborskii is a filamentous bloom-forming cyanobacterium, considered as a cosmopolitan species. Some strains of R. raciborskii are capable of producing toxins, e.g. cylindrospermopsin (CYN) that greatly threatens human health. One of the most studied cyanotoxins is CYN, and is receiving increasing scientific attention due to its global distribution, bioaccumulation, and multiorgan toxicity. The development of Cyanobacterial blooms of R. raciborskii is attributed to high amounts of