Development and evaluation of Sargassum polysaccharides–algal oil nanoemulsion for intranasal treatment of allergic rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent inflammatory disorder of the upper respiratory tract, affecting 20-40% of the global population and severely impairing quality of life. Given the limitations and adverse effects associated with conventional pharmacotherapy, naturally derived bioactives with low toxicity are gaining prominence as alternative interventions. In this study, we developed a bioresource-based nanoemulsion (NE) by integrating Sargassum polysaccharides (SP) into algal oil (AO) to enh