The role of the Pentahelix model in village development towards sustainable tourism villages in Indonesia: A systematic review

Sustainable tourism village development requires effective cross-sector collaboration to balance economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental sustainability. However, existing studies have largely treated the Pentahelix model, which involves the government, academia, business, community, and media, as a normative framework, with limited systematic analysis of its governance dynamics, power relations, and inclusivity outcomes. This study addresses this gap by employing a PRISMA-based Syst