Direct Joint Detection and Localization of Weak DSSS Signals via Cooperative LEO Satellites

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite communication presents a promising solution for data backhaul from oceanic buoys. However, due to the power-limited buoys and large path loss between the buoy and LEO satellites, the received signal at the LEO satellites is critically weak, which poses severe challenges to both signal detection and localization of the buoys. To make things worse, the high mobility of LEO satellites introduces large Doppler frequency shifts that complicate signal detection, while o