Targeting hypertension through natural phenolics: The multifaceted role of cinnamic acid and its derivatives

Hypertension is a serious global public health problem that significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Its etiology involves inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, and imbalances in blood pressure (BP) regulatory systems. In this context, the search for new therapeutic agents remains a major challenge, highlighting natural compounds such as cinnamic acid (CA) and its derivatives, including caffeic acid (CAF) and ferulic acid (FA). This review aimed to investigate the antihyp