Sandwich ELISA using newly generated monoclonal antibodies quantifies circulating neuropeptide F in Drosophila melanogaster
Maki Higashida·Ryusuke Niwa·Ryo Hoshino·Yuto Yoshinari·Marc Tatar·Tomoe Kobayashi·Naoki Okamoto·Makoto Matsuyama·Jiangtian Chen
Precise quantification of circulating peptide hormones is essential for understanding their physiological functions. Although the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a powerful genetic model that has greatly contributed to animal physiology, measuring endogenous peptide hormone titers in the hemolymph has remained technically challenging because of its small body size. Neuropeptide F (NPF), a conserved neuropeptide produced in the central nervous system (CNS) and midgut enteroendocrine cells (E