Late talking in a low-income sample: Child care as a protective factor

Children from low socioeconomic (SES) households have a higher-than-average rate of exhibiting late talking (LT). Population-based studies have identified risk and protective factors for LT, yet low-SES families are underrepresented. This study examined LT and household characteristics among low-SES families. Mothers (n = 199; 42% Black, 42% White, 17% Other; Mean age = 31.62) completed sociodemographic questionnaires and the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory when their childre