Heat-inactivated Lysobacter capsici AZ78 cells effectively control Peronospora belbahrii and Plasmopara viticola through direct and indirect mechanisms
Amulya Jain Dinesh Kothari·Gerardo Puopolo·Linda Lucii·Nina Desiato·Jesús G. Zorrilla·Marco Masi·Alessio Cimmino·Ilaria Pertot·Stefano Nadalini
Abstract The bacterial strain Lysobacter capsici AZ78 is an effective biocontrol agent against several plant-pathogenic oomycetes. This study demonstrates that heat-inactivated L. capsici AZ78 cells retain strong protective activity against Plasmopara viticola and Peronospora belbahrii , comparable to that of viable L. capsici AZ78 cells, as well as a copper-based fungicide and a plant resistance inducer. Microscopic analyses showed that both heat-inactivated and viable L. capsici AZ78 cells wer