This study for the first time investigated the effects of poultry litter containing cypermethrin (740 μg kg-1 d.w.) and metals on Folsomia candida, assessing lethality, behavior, reproduction, and oxidative stress biomarkers, which were combined into an Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) assessment. The sublethal effects covered application rates equivalent to those reported for different cropping systems (2.0-25.0 t ha-1). Compared to control soil, poultry litter showed e