Halloysite nanotube-grafted reduced graphene oxide for sensitive electrochemical sensing of niclosamide in food, environmental and biological matrices
Kunping Guan·Wenting Liang·Yaqing Wen·Fangfang Lin·Lingjie Hou·Wei Liu·Junhong Zhen·Yu Huang·Fengyuan Xie·Qingfang Niu
Niclosamide (NA) is widely used as an insecticide in agriculture and fisheries; however, its excessive application poses potential risks to food security and aquatic ecosystems. In this study, halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were immobilized onto reduced graphene oxide (rGO) via a facile strategy to construct the HNTs-rGO nanocomposite. The introduction of HNTs effectively suppresses the interlayer buildup of rGO, which facilitates efficient interfacial electron transfer and exposes more accessible