Predictive value of three insulin resistance surrogate indices for symptomatic hypoglycemia risk in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study

Inpatient hypoglycemia is a serious complication in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), associated with adverse outcomes. While insulin resistance (IR) is central to hyperglycemia, its relationship with hypoglycemia risk in acute care settings remains unclear. Convenient IR surrogate indices, such as the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), and metabolic syndrome insulin resistance index (METS-IR), warran