When Honesty Meets Modesty: Development of Evaluations on Lying About Achievements

Lying about achievements is commonplace in reputation management, yet its social consequences may depend on cultural conventions. The present research examined how Chinese children aged 5-11 years (N = 173, 48% girls, M_age: 8.40 years) and adults (N = 98, 52% women, M_age: 20.76 years) evaluated truth-tellers and lie-tellers who described their achievements in ways that either violated or aligned with the Chinese cultural convention of modesty. When lying violated modesty co