Ononin-modified Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate hydrogel-loaded adipose-derived stem cells promote the repair of diabetic wounds in rats

To evaluate the mechanistic synergy of an ononin-modified chitosan/β-glycerophosphate (CS/β-GP) hydrogel loaded with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in repairing diabetic wounds (DWs). We specifically aimed to determine if ononin could biochemically remodel the hostile diabetic microenvironment to enhance ADSCs survival and potency. Primary rat ADSCs were characterized by flow cytometry. A thermosensitive CS/β-GP hydrogel was fabricated, and its microstructure was characterized by scanning el