Image-based social media platforms like Instagram offer adolescents fertile ground for expressing multiple selves. On Instagram, adolescents are also confronted with the social norms of their peers' self-presentation. Based on an experimental vignette study with Instagram users aged 14 to 16 in Germany (N = 454), we investigated how the descriptive norms of staged self-presentation—“Keep it perfect”—and authentic self-presentation—“Keep it real”—influence adolescents' expression of the actual, i
