Abstract Impacts of temperature assimilation on the Venus atmosphere are investigated by the observing system simulation experiments assuming cross-link radio occultation measurements of the Venus atmosphere (CROVA). Synthetic temperature data are prepared by a Venusian general circulation model (VGCM) with 80% of the solar heating to produce a weaker super-rotation than the default model would. Observational points of radio occultation measurements are realistically determined by a pair of sate