FBLSC: Fuzzy BLS-Based Competitive Clustering Optimization Algorithm for Energy Efficient in Wireless Sensor Networks

Improving energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is critical to ensuring effective transmission and prolonging network lifetime. However, most existing clustering methods are designed for relatively static scenarios and thus fail to cope with dynamic scenarios such as node mobility, topology variations, and uneven energy consumption, leading to poor adaptability, suboptimal real-time performance, and low energy efficiency, and significantly hinder the applicability in real-world WS