An Examination of the Motivational Phase of the IMV Model Among Emerging Adults in Türkiye: The Roles of Self-Critical Rumination and Social Ostracism

The motivational stage of the IMV Model is empirically validated in the emerging adult sample in Türkiye and provides a functional framework for explaining the process leading to suicidal ideation. The study adds an additional cognitive layer to the model through self-critical rumination, revealing the dynamics of the defeat-entrapment relationship in a more nuanced way. Furthermore, by examining social ostracism and its forms (ignored and excluded), it makes an important contribution to how soc