An Examination of the Motivational Phase of the IMV Model Among Emerging Adults in Türkiye: The Roles of Self-Critical Rumination and Social Ostracism

The motivational stage of the IMV Model is empirically validated in the emerging adult sample in Türkiye and provides a functional framework for explaining the process leading to suicidal ideation. The study adds an additional cognitive layer to the model through self-critical rumination, revealing the dynamics of the defeat-entrapment relationship in a more nuanced way. Furthermore, by examining social ostracism and its forms (ignored and excluded), it makes an important contribution to how social threats and relational vulnerabilities intersect with the motivational processes conceptualized in the model.