Phosphogypsum application in agriculture: a review of soil fertility, plant nutrition, and environmental effects
Waquar Akhter Ansari
Phosphogypsum (PG), a calcium sulfate dihydrate by-product of wet-process phosphoric acid production, is generated globally at over 300 million tons per year, yet only 14% is currently reused or recycled, with the remainder stockpiled or discharged into coastal areas. Its agricultural use as a soil amendment has grown considerably, yet a rigorous, integrated synthesis of its agronomic benefits, environmental risks, and practical limitations has been lacking. This review addresses that gap throug