From rules to language models: a comparative study of chatbot learning assistants
Petra Schreiberova
IntroductionAs AI–powered learning assistants become increasingly integrated into higher education, understanding their pedagogical impact across different technological designs is crucial. This study investigated the impact of a mobile chatbot learning assistant in a first–year university course, with attention to both its overall educational contribution and the effects of evolving chatbot technology.MethodsThis quasi–experimental, multi–cohort study followed five iterations of a first-year un