Maibom, Marc: The Independence of Existence and Identity: Why Persistence Theory Requires Q1/Q2 Separation

Every theory of persistence must answer two questions: does this system continue to exist? And: does the continuing system remain the same system? These are not the same question. La Profilée formalizes the first as the persistence condition IR ≤ 1 and the second as the Frame Continuity Condition (FCC). The Q1/Q2 Separation Theorem establishes that Q2 presupposes Q1, while Q1 does not imply Q2. This paper presents the formal proof of structural non-equivalence, the four-regime architecture that