Fostering engagement in the digital age: the mediating role of self-efficacy and self-regulation between enjoyment and learner engagement in AI-assisted EFL writing

IntroductionThe development of artificial intelligence (AI) has created new opportunities for AI-supported foreign language teaching and applications. This study investigates the interrelationships among foreign language enjoyment (FLE), writing self-efficacy, self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies, and learner engagement within the context of AI-assisted English as a foreign language (EFL) writing.MethodsA cross-sectional survey design was employed, involving 535 Chinese university students w