Ondansetron derivatives as potential PTP1B inhibitors for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus: in silico, in vitro, and in vivo analysis

IntroductionType 2 diabetes has become one of the most common causes of human deaths. Key factors that contribute to the progression of this disease include a sedentary lifestyle, high-fat diet, and genetic abnormalities. Enzyme PTP1B is an important target for researchers as it plays a vital role in performing normal metabolic functions of the human body. Metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular complications are due to PTP1B imbalance. It is evident that the over