Causal evidence of task-switching costs in organ transplantation
Joel T. Adler
Nature Human Behaviour, Published online: 30 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41562-026-02459-8 Liu et al. analysed 316,742 organ transplants and found that, when surgeons switched between different organ types in consecutive surgeries, 1-year mortality rates in patients increased by 14.8%, providing evidence of real-world task-switching costs.