bioengineering

Nature Communications, Published online: 26 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41467-026-73641-9 Culex mosquitoes drive the spread of West Nile virus, yet controlling their populations remains challenging. Here, authors develop a self-limiting CRISPR-based genetic approach that converts female mosquitoes into sterile intersexes, enabling effective and confined population suppression.

Nature Communications, Published online: 25 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41467-026-73578-z AI-based inverse design of DNA origami has been limited by the scarcity of large, standardised datasets. Here, the authors present a diffusion-based design framework trained on simulated equilibrium conformations, highlighting the promise of generative AI models empowered by physical simulation for de novo design…

Osteoarthritis (OA) remains a highly prevalent degenerative joint disorder for which truly disease-modifying therapies are still lacking. Accumulating evidence positions mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired mitochondrial quality control as central drivers of chondrocyte failure, extracellular matrix breakdown, and inflammation amplification. Mitophagy—particularly the phosphatase and tensin hom…

The HugZ/HutZ family has been shown to degrade heme in the presence of ascorbic acid. However, its inability to utilize canonical cytochrome P450 reductase has raised questions regarding its physiological role as a true heme oxygenase. PM0042 from Pasteurella multocida, a member of the HugZ/HutZ family, belongs to the pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate oxidase (PNPOx) family, which utilizes FMN as a cofac…

In this letter, we comment on the study by Jiang et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Stem Cells , which explores a combined therapeutic approach of exercise with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for Parkinson’s disease (PD) using a mouse model. Currently, PD is primarily treated symptomatically as there are no treatment options available to prevent or cure it. While …

Knee osteoarthritis is recognised as a whole-joint disorder involving cartilage, synovium, subchondral bone and nociceptive pathways. Conventional therapies provide symptomatic relief but rarely alter structural progression. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) injections improve pain and function, yet structural benefits remain modest and variable. Increasing evidence indicates that much of the MSC ef…

Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with a poorer prognosis compared to its HPV-positive counterpart; however, the underlying regulatory molecular mechanisms driving its progression remain poorly understood. In this study, we identify BTB Domain and CNC Homolog 1 (BACH1) as a critical oncogenic regulator that is upregulated in H…

BACKGROUND Stem cell-derived exosomes represent a promising cell-free strategy for bone regeneration, yet the mechanisms underlying their osteogenic effects remain incompletely defined. Hypoxic preconditioning has been reported to enhance exosome bioactivity, but its potential interaction with mechanosensitive signaling pathways during osteogenesis is poorly understood. AIM To evaluate the osteog…

Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome driven by structural remodeling, fibrosis, metabolic imbalance, and oxidative stress. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as pivotal regulators in HF, distinguished by their covalently closed structure, stability, and tissue specificity. While they modulate myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and metabolic pathways through mechanisms including microRNA (mi…

Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs), encompassing therapies derived from mesenchymal stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and their extracellular vesicles, hold substantial transformative potential for clinical applications. However, their translation from bench to bedside and eventual commercialization is hindered by considerable scientific, manufacturing, and regulatory challenge…

Abstract Vascular restenosis, a pathological recurrence of lumen narrowing following interventions, remains a major limitation to the long-term success of vascular procedures. Its development is centrally driven by neointimal hyperplasia, a process orchestrated by endothelial injury, phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from a contractile to a synthetic state, and a coordi…

BACKGROUND Accumulating studies suggest that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles mitigate myocardial injury by modulating intercellular communication pathways. Notably, exosomes from hypoxia-preconditioned MSCs (HPC-Exo) demonstrate superior therapeutic efficacy in ischemic heart disease compared with those from normoxic MSCs although the underlying molecular mechanisms rem…

BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small particles that range between 30-150 nanometers in size and are made of two phospholipid bilayers. The EVs play an important role in cell-to-cell communication to perform functional roles in regeneration. Despite the therapeutic prospects for their use in clinical settings, the use of EVs in standard daily clinical practice is limited, which is due…

International audience

International audience