Principled XAI analysis of the deep learning-based landslide susceptibility prediction model

Abstract Research on applying machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques to landslide susceptibility analysis is widespread, with increasingly accurate analyses through novel models. Predicting landslide susceptibility using ML models involves analyzing relationships between conditioning factors and landslide occurrences. Unlike traditional methods, ML models do not explicitly incorporate geotechnical or hydrological theories, raising concerns about result reliability despite high a