Thermodynamic entropy management in human motor control across circadian and thermal challenges

Abstract The second law of thermodynamics dictates that local decreases in entropy must be offset by increases elsewhere. While this principle is well established in mechanical systems, its role in biological motor control remains underexplored. This study analysed 576 bimanual coordination trials on 16 participants collected across circadian cycles under normal conditions and thermal perturbations to test whether human motor systems strategically regulate functional movement stability. Movement