A highly feasible simulation model based on nipple-preserving pork portions for practicing superficial mass resection

Abstract Background Superficial mass resection is a core surgical skill requiring practical training. Existing simulation models, such as silicone pads or virtual reality, are often costly or inaccessible, creating a need for an affordable and feasible alternative for surgical education. Methods In this feasibility study, we developed a low-cost, high-fidelity simulation model using a rind-on pork belly with preserved nipples to practice this procedure and evaluated its efficacy in a skill train