Evaluation of ChatGPT-4o in oral and maxillofacial surgery examinations: a comparative study of performance on U.S. dental decks and chinese dental licensing examination practice questions

Abstract Background This study evaluates the performance of ChatGPT-4o on practice questions from the U.S. Integrated National Board Dental Examination (INBDE) and the Chinese Dental Licensing Examination to assess its potential and limitations in a high-stakes dental context. Methods ChatGPT-4o and human participants (ten dental undergraduate students, ten graduate students specializing in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS), and ten OMS specialists with over five years of clinical experience)