Exploring the impact of livelihood capital on farmers’ willingness to participate in traceability systems

Introduction Traceability systems are crucial for ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products. However, farmers with different levels of livelihood capital face varying challenges in participating in such systems. Therefore, understanding how livelihood capital influences farmers’ willingness to participate is essential for promoting the widespread adoption. Methods This study surveyed 485 apple farmers from a typical agricultural region in central China. Based on the sustainable li