Bio-informed blade patterns for mitigating bird collisions with wind turbines

Abstract Although the rapid expansion of wind energy is essential for achieving carbon net zero targets, it may conflict with ecological objectives aimed at conserving and enhancing biodiversity. Birds in general are susceptible to colliding with wind turbines, and the impact of these structures may be especially significant for certain species. By examining how birds acquire, process and respond to environmental information, we propose a new collision mitigation approach that integrates sensory