Reproductive ecology of the dioecious endemic Erodium sibthorpianum subsp. sibthorpianum in Türkiye

Abstract Erodium sibthorpianum subsp. sibthorpianum (Geraniaceae) is an endemic taxon restricted to western Türkiye. Understanding its reproductive traits and the factors governing reproductive success is essential for elucidating its reproductive ecology. The pollen–ovule ratio was calculated as 3043, which falls within the expected range for dioecious species. Pollination is mediated by a diverse assemblage of insects, predominantly Diptera with licking–sucking mouthparts. Pollen viability and